When the driver operates the loader, his good operation habits can not only prolong the service life of the loader and reduce the wear of the whole equipment, but also reduce various functional losses and fuel consumption. For some novice drivers, it is easy to make some bad operation methods when driving the loader, which will affect their work. Today, I'd like to share with you, Those bad operating habits will affect the service life of the loader?

1、启动后就猛踩油门

1. After starting, step on the accelerator

特别在寒冷的环境下，装载机发动机刚启动时，发动机身温度低、机油黏度比较大、流动性不好，发动机油在很短时间内，不能畅流各润滑点。如果此时猛轰油门，会导致发动机转速瞬时升高，尽管机油泵的供油量和压力也会增加，粘稠的发动机油不能提供优良的润滑，瞬间达不到满足各运动副对润滑油量和油压的要求，运动副不能建立很好的润滑油膜，产生瞬间干摩擦，导致配合零件剧烈磨损。

Especially in the cold environment, when the loader engine is just started, the engine body temperature is low, the oil viscosity is relatively large, and the fluidity is poor. The engine oil cannot flow smoothly to all lubrication points in a very short time. If the accelerator is slammed at this time, the engine speed will increase instantaneously. Although the oil supply and pressure of the oil pump will also increase, the viscous engine oil can not provide excellent lubrication, and can not meet the requirements of each moving pair for lubricating oil quantity and oil pressure. The moving pair can not establish a good lubricating oil film, resulting in instantaneous dry friction, resulting in severe wear of mating parts.

2、工作进行过程中直接补充冷 却水

2. Make up cooling water directly during work

发动机冷 却液不足，将导致柴油机因缺水过热。柴油机高温状态下直接补充冷 却液，整个冷 却系统瞬间会产生大的温差，使缸盖、缸套、缸体等瞬间脆裂，产生微裂纹，逐渐渗漏冷 却液，以致漏水、漏油、漏气等。因此，当柴油机温度过高时，应以稍高转速空载运转，待水温下降50℃左右时，再熄火，拧松散热器盖，排出水蒸气，缓慢注入冷 却液。

Insufficient engine coolant will cause the diesel engine to overheat due to water shortage. When the diesel engine directly replenishes the coolant under high temperature, the whole cooling system will produce a large temperature difference in an instant, which will make the cylinder head, cylinder liner and cylinder block brittle and produce microcracks, and gradually leak the coolant, resulting in water leakage, oil leakage, air leakage, etc. Therefore, when the temperature of the diesel engine is too high, it should run at a slightly higher speed without load. When the water temperature drops to about 50 ℃, turn off the engine, loosen the radiator cap, discharge water vapor and slowly inject coolant.

3、启动后不热车直接工作

3. Work directly without hot car after starting

由于环境温度和机身温度均低，发动机机油黏度大，会使机油泵供油不足，导致短时间内运动副得不到充分的润滑，磨损加剧。立即工作，加大负荷时，甚会发生拉缸、抱瓦等事故。所以，装载机启动后，应先怠速运转升温，缓慢试运行各机构，待油温、油压达到正常时，才能作业。

Due to the low ambient temperature and fuselage temperature and the high viscosity of engine oil, the oil supply of oil pump will be insufficient, resulting in insufficient lubrication of moving pair in a short time and intensified wear. When working immediately and increasing the load, there will even be accidents such as cylinder pulling and tile holding. Therefore, after the loader is started, it should run at idle speed to raise the temperature, and slowly test run each mechanism until the oil temperature and oil pressure reach normal.

4、带负荷停机或作业后立即停机

4. Shutdown with load or immediately after operation

装载机带负荷停机或作业后立即停机，冷 却系统随即停止工作，散 热能力急剧下降。工作产生的大量热量积聚在热源附近不能及时散发，使气缸盖、缸套、缸体等受热部件的冷

When the loader stops with load or immediately after operation, the cooling system stops working immediately, and the heat dissipation capacity decreases sharply. A large amount of heat generated by work accumulates near the heat source and cannot be distributed in time, resulting in the cold of cylinder head, cylinder liner, cylinder block and other heated parts

却水沸腾，机件过热，高温烧蚀。同时还会使附着其表面的机油变质，造成下次启动困难。因此，装载机在熄火前应卸除负荷，并空载运转3～5min，使机温降40℃以下，水温降50℃以下时，方可停机。

But the water boils, the parts overheat and ablate at high temperature. At the same time, it will also deteriorate the oil attached to its surface, resulting in difficulty in starting next time. Therefore, before flameout, the loader shall unload the load and operate without load for 3 ~ 5min to reduce the machine temperature below 40 ℃ and the water temperature below 50 ℃.

5、发动机熄火前猛踩油门

5. Slam on the accelerator before the engine shuts down

个别驾驶员误认为发动机停机前猛轰几脚油门，可使多余未燃烧的柴油留在气缸中，利于下一次发动机启动。其实这会造成燃烧不完全、冒黑烟、积炭增多;同时猛轰几脚油门会使运动件惯性力突然加大，加剧运动副的磨损;其次未燃尽的燃油将顺着缸壁流入油底壳稀释机油，缩短机油使用周期。因此，正确的操作是，无负荷状态下中低速平稳运转后停机熄火。

Some drivers mistakenly believe that slamming a few feet of throttle before engine shutdown can leave excess unburned diesel in the cylinder, which is conducive to the next engine start. In fact, this will cause incomplete combustion, black smoke and increased carbon deposition; At the same time, slamming several accelerator feet will suddenly increase the inertia force of the moving parts and aggravate the wear of the moving pair; Secondly, the unburned fuel will flow into the oil pan along the cylinder wall to dilute the oil and shorten the service life of the oil. Therefore, the correct operation is to shut down and shut down after smooth operation at medium and low speed under no-load state.