Underground loader is a kind of earthwork construction machinery widely used in highway, railway, construction, hydropower, port, mine and other construction projects. It is mainly used to shovel soil, sand, lime, coal and other bulk materials. It can also be used for light shovel excavation of ore and hard soil.

装载机的选用原则：

Selection principle of loader:

1、机型的选择：主要依据作业场合和用途进行选择和确定。一般在采石场和软基地进行作业，多选用轮胎装载机配防滑链；

1. Selection of machine type: it is mainly selected and determined according to the operation site and purpose. Generally, the operation is carried out in quarries and soft bases, and tire loaders with anti-skid chains are mostly selected;

2、动力的选择：一般多采用工程机械用柴油发动机，在特殊地域作业，如海拔高于3000m的地方，应采用特殊的高原型柴油发动机；

2. Power selection: generally, diesel engines for construction machinery are used. Special plateau diesel engines shall be used for operation in special areas, such as places with an altitude higher than 3000m;

3、传动型式的选择：一般选用液力—机械传动。其中关键部件是变矩器形式的选择。生产的装载机多选用双涡轮、单级两相液力变矩器。

3. Selection of transmission type: hydraulic mechanical transmission is generally selected. The key component is the selection of the form of torque converter. The loaders produced in China mostly use double turbine and single-stage two-phase hydraulic torque converter.

4、在选用装载机时，还要充分考虑装载机的制动性能，包括多个在制动、停车制动和紧急制动三种。制动器有蹄式、钳盘式和湿式多片式三种。制动器的驱动机构一般采用加力装置，其动力源有压缩空气，气顶油和液压式三种。常用的是气顶油制动系统，一般采用双回路制动系统，以提高行驶的性。

4. When selecting the loader, the braking performance of the loader shall be fully considered, including multiple in-service braking, parking braking and emergency braking. There are three types of brakes: shoe type, caliper disc type and wet multi plate type. The driving mechanism of the brake generally adopts the force adding device, and its power source includes compressed air, air top oil and hydraulic type. The commonly used is the air top oil braking system, which generally adopts the double circuit braking system to improve the driving safety.

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